Door Closer



A door closer is a mechanical device that closes a door, in general after someone opens it, or after it was automatically opened. There are three styles of door-closer: surface-mounted, concealed in frame, and concealed in floor. Surface mounted door closers come in four variations: Slide-track arm, regular arm surface mounted, parallel arm surface mounted, and top jamb mounted. Overhead door closers, such as those made by LCN, Dor-o-matic/Falcon, Norton, Dorma, Yale and Geze, are typically surface mounted, though most manufacturers offer concealed models too, such as the LCN 5030 series or Norton 7900 series overhead concealed, or the Rixson 27 series concealed in floor closer. These closers mount inside a pocket in the door frame or are mounted in the floor directly under the pivot point and are completely concealed. A manual door closer stores the energy used in the opening of the door in a compression or torsion spring and releases it to close the door. Some closers allow for adjustment of the strength of the spring, making it easier or more difficult to push the door open. To limit the speed at which the door closes, most door closers use hydraulic (oil-filled) dampers, although spring mechanisms may also be used for damping. The speed at which the door closer closes the door may be adjustable by up to three adjustment valves. These valves often adjust the sweep speed and the latch speed of the door and some closers are optioned with a delayed action vlave. The latch speed is the speed that the door travels in the last third to 10 degrees as it closes and is often set fast so that the door can properly latch closed. The delayed action valve slows the sweep speed dramatically for roughly the first half of the sweep range. Door closers which provide this two or three-stage action and close doors at a determined rate are called 'controlled' door closers.

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